I suspect, that qhy_ccd_test is the executable from our "official" INDI driver. It doesn't support QHY5-II but will detect it and will upload the firmware.
The "unofficial" driver for QHY5-II doesn't upload the firmware, it uses udev rules and fxload instead. I can't test it but it should work. If it doesn't something is wrong with 85-qhyccd.rules file, maybe some conflict with our 99-qhyccd.rules.